Η διατροφή στη βόρεια Ελλάδα κατά την προϊστορική περίοδο, με έμφαση στα φυτικά συστατικά της τροφής
Part of : Το Αρχαιολογικό Έργο στη Μακεδονία και στη Θράκη ; Vol.18, No.1, 2004, pages 417-430
Issue:
Pages:
417-430
Parallel Title:
Neolithic and bronze age diet in northern Greece
Abstract:
An overview of Neolithic and Bronze Age diet is presented in this paper. Archaeobotanical, archaeozoological, human bone and pottery residue evidence is used to this end. A wide range of cultivated crops (mainly cereals and pulses) is in use since the beginning of the Neolithic: einkom, emmer and the ‘new type’ wheat, bread/durum wheat, barley (naked and hulled, mainly two-row), lentils, peas, grass pea, bitter vetch. Flax has also been found as a crop and it might have been used for its oil-rich seeds. Fruits and nuts from wild plants or plants under careful tending were also used: grapes, Cornelian cherries, acorns, figs, blackberries, elderberries, wild pistachio nuts. Wine making from wild or under domestication grapes is indicated by the wine-pressings identified at Late Neolithic Dikili Tash. During the Neolithic domestic animals were consumed: (sheep, goats, cows, pigs) but wild game had a limited presence with some exceptions. The domestic animals were probably used mainly for meat, though not all authorities agree on this issue. Marine resources were also used as food, its limited representation being perhaps the outcome of limited research on the subject. During the Bronze Age a wide range of new crops appear, introduced from areas wide apart from each other, indicating the existence of contact networks involving the circulation of other goods such as metals. These crops are spelt wheat, Celtic bean, Lallemantia sp., coriander, opium poppy, mustard, false flax and millet. Wine making continues to be suggested during the bronze age by the finds of wine pressings at Late Bronze Age Toumba Thessalonikis, corroborated by finds of drinking sets at sites of this period. Wild animals are represented in higher proportions than during the Neolithic, and hunting (including the consumption of wild game) has been interpreted as an elite sport. Some emphasis in the use of dairy products has been suggested for the Bronze Age. Dental caries increases in the Bronze Age and this could be attributed to a dietary change involving an increase in the consumption of sugar rich foods, including sweet fruits, processed starch and milk.
Subject (LC):
Keywords:
διατροφή, Νεολιθική εποχή, εποχή του Χαλκού, Θράκη, Μακεδονία, αρχαιοβοτανική
Notes:
Περιέχει εικόνες, χάρτες και βιβλιογραφία
