Το δημόσιο λουτρό της Πέλλας : ανασκαφική περίοδος 2007
Part of : Το Αρχαιολογικό Έργο στη Μακεδονία και στη Θράκη ; Vol.21, No.1, 2007, pages 99-108
Issue:
Pages:
99-108
Parallel Title:
The public baths of Pella : 2007 excavation season
Abstract:
Within the framework of conservation works on the architectural remains of the archaeological site of Pella, a complementary investigation was carried out of the building containing the public baths, discovered in 1997 in the northern part of a block in the ancient city near the new entrance to the site. On the basis of the finds from stratigraphic sections, the baths’ first building phase is datable to the final quarter of the 4th century B.C. During this phase, the baths had features related to domestic architecture, with a large outdoor area at the center surrounded by rooms. Characteristic features enabling identification of the baths were the large pool in the outdoor area, painted on its interior with hydraulic cement, a cistern, and a changing room to the south of the latter. Clay water pipes with stone cleaning shafts encircling the city’s perimeter supplied the complexχρόνους το σύστημα επιβιώνει σε λουτρά της κεντρικής Ευρώπης, βλ. Ε Yegul, ό.π. (σημ. 7), 361, 362, εικ. 452, 453.16. Για λουτρό με χώρους υποκαύστων με πεσσίσκους στην Πέλλα,βλ. Μ. Λιλιμπάκη-Ακαμάτη, ΑΕΜΘ 20, 2006, 591.with fresh water, while drainage pipes channeled used water into a large outdoor area south of the structure. Based on the above, the baths of Pella are the oldest organized bathing establishment in Northern Greece, and one of the oldest in the Greek world.In the second quarter of the 3rd century B.C., the baths were remodeled with the construction of two new and important spaces featuring pebble floors; one of the rooms was circular with individual tubs around its walls and the other was rectangular, with 18 tubs. Both rooms were accessible from the same corridor. The complex had a prostyle entrance from the road on its eastern side via a large three-sided room with pebble floors and marble orthostates. The differentiation into areas for hot (the circular room with tubs), tepid (the rectangular room with tubs), and cold bathing (the outdoor pool) was now feasible. The baths were employed in this form, with continuous repairs, until the final quarter of the 2nd century B.C. At that time, they acquired below-floor heating with the installation of an underground heating chamber and a duct along the length of their E-W axis. A new area was created for hot baths, and the circular room was converted into a sweat-room afterthe removal of its tubs. The early form of below-floor heating lends the Pella baths particular importance, since it makes them one of the earliest examples in the Greek world of the use of this type of heating, before the creation of the hypocaust system with pillars that predominated in baths of the Roman period.
Subject:
Subject (LC):
Keywords:
λουτρά, Πέλλα
Notes:
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