Επιτύμβιες στήλες από τη Χαιρώνεια
Part of : Αρχαιολογικά ανάλεκτα εξ Αθηνών ; Vol.XII, No.1, 1979, pages 149-158
Issue:
Pages:
149-158
Parallel Title:
Gravestones from Haironeia
Section Title:
Σύμμεικτα
Author:
Abstract:
In Warka, a place 3 km north- east from Haironeia, two gravestones were found near the remains of two graves, built in a low enclosure, made from rough stones.Both of them are monoliths made of local limestone. They are blossom - crowned and they may come from a local workshop or perhaps from the same craftsman.On of these gravestones is preserved in a very good condition and in a height of 1,36 m. On its upper part there is a wave - shaped decoration, round the 3 main sides of the gravestone, and overΣτιχ. 3. Λ-----Αβέβαια ή συμπλήρωσηκαί αύτοδ τοϋ στίχου. Όπως καί στή στήλη τοϋ Γλαυκία θά ήταν έδώ χαραγμένο τό έθνικό καί ίσως άκολουθοϋσε πλάι τό άξίωμα τοϋ νεκροΰ.Ή στήλη αυτή χρονολογείται άπό τον τύπο τοϋ άνθεμίου καί των γραμμάτων τής επιγραφής στήν ίδια εποχή μέ τή στήλη τοϋ Γλαυκία.ΦΑΝΟΥΡΙΑ ΔΑΚΟΡΩΝΙΑ38. Σέ κατάλογο έφηβων άπό τό Άκραίφνιο, των μέσων τοϋ 3ου π.Χ. αί., άναφέρεται ένας Καλ- λίστρατος/Όγχειστίωνος, IG VII, 2718.that there is a blossom crown. There is also an inscription consisted of 3 lines : Γλαυκίας ΛανόμωΘεισπιεύς πολέμαρχος under the wave - shaped decoration, on the main face of the gravestone.The inscription is of a monumental character. The height of each letter is 0,023 m. The type of the letters is the one, formed, in Hellenistic times, especially at the end of the 3rd cent. B.C. or the beginning of the 2nd cent. B.C. This type is characterized by the “ acremones ”, Some letters are similar to older types as for example : A with a straight, horizontal line, Π with a shorter right leg, Σ with ends keeping off the horizontal line.Line 1. Γλαυκίας is the name of the dead, a quite usual derivative of the adjective Γλαυκίας. It is usually used in the Boeotian inscriptions.Line 2. Λανόμω: The name of the dead’s father, in genitive —ω, usual in Boeotia.Line 3. Θεισπιεύς πολέμαρχος. Θει- σπιεύς (instead of Thespieus ) : where he is from. Πολέμαρχος is the dignity of dead Γλαυκίας.The dead Γλαυκίας, Λανόμου, Θει- σπιεύς, who is mentioned here as a “πολέμαρχος”, is possibly the son of Λανόμου Γλαυκίας, whom we find among the “ άφεδριατευόντων ” on an offering - inscription on a round base of a tripod, dedicated to Apollon of Ptoon by the “ Koinon ” of Boeotians. Holleaux dates this offering - inscription at the end of the 3rd cent. B.C. or the begining of 2nd cent B.C., in the years 223 - 192 B.C. But P. Roesch dates it in the second half of the 3rd cent. B.C. and especially in about 245 B.C. The stele of Haironeia I think that it must be later dated and especially among the years 240 - 235 B.C.The truth is that if Γλαυκίας Λανόμου was a “ πολέμαρχος ” in the beginning of the 2nd cent. B.C., in 192 B.C., was 40 - 50 years old, his father Λανόμος Γλαυκίου would be too young to be awarded the dignity of the “ άφεδριατεύοντος ” in the Koinon of Boeotians in 245 B.C.Γλαυκίας descended from a great and eminent family of Thespies, famous members of which are : an Aeshylos Glau-kiou, winner at the Olympic Games, and especially at a struggle of boys in the middle of the 4th cent. B.C., another Γλαυκίας is mentioned on a consular resolution of Θεσπιεΐς. He seems to be the same with the one, mentioned on an unpublished military list from Kopes of Boeotia and he has been identified as the “ ruler of the Koinon of Boeotians ” in the years 255 - 245 B.C. This Γλαυκίας is found on an offering - inscription from Thespies. His son is Λάνομος Γλαυκίαο Θεισπιεύς «άφεδρια- τεύων » on the offering - inscription of Ptoon and his grandson is Γλαυκίας Λανόμω Θεισπιεύς, whom we find on the stele of Haironeia.The presence of the gravestones in this area is explained by two opinions: the first thinks that there was a farm the owner of which Γλαυκίας was, who was buried there and not in the cemetery of the nearest town. The second, which we think as the most possible, speaks about the death of Γλαυκίας, when he was in an expedition in 192/1 B.C. Li- vius writes, that in 192/1 Antiochus, fighting against the Romans, came and camped in Haironeia, where he was met by the soldiers of the “ Koinon ” of Boeotians and through this place he arrived in Chalkis. Polybius ( XXVII, I ) and Livius ( XLII, 43 ) positively mention, that there were soldiers from Thespies among the allies of the Koinon of Boeotians in 196- 171 B.C.So it’s clear that Γλαυκίας, as one of the war - leaders of the “ Koinon” of Boeotians came to the camp of Antiochus in Haironeia, where he died because of an unknown reason, and he was buried there. The place, where the graves and the the gravestones were found, is over the natural way to Boeotia and it’s plain and proper for camping. According to this last opinion this gravestone is dated in 192/1 B.C.The only parts, preserved from the other gravestone, are the upper left part and the larger piece of the blossom crown. There was a three - lined inscription, from which only some letters are preserved, under the wave - shaped decoration. These letters are similar to the ones on the stele of Glau- kias.Line 1. Ka----each completion of thename of the dead of course, wouldn’t be sure. Names, with first component Καλλ, are usual in Boeotian inscriptions,such as Καλλίμηλος, Καλλιμέλεις, Καλ- λίναος, Καλλιροΐδας, Καλλίτιμος, Καλ- λιτίων, Καλλίστρατος etc.Line 2. Όγχηστήωνος. The father’s name in genitive. The kernel — ογχηστο — from the name of the river Όγχηστός, is known. The names Όγχηστόδωρος and Όγχηστίων are found on Boeotian inscriptions.Line 3.A- The completion is not sure here, too. As on the stele of Γλαυκίας here the name of the town, he comes from, would be engraved and perhaps there was the dignity of the dead beside it.This stele is dated through the type of the blossom and the letters of the insciption in the same period as the stele of Γλαυκίας.
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Keywords:
επιτύμβιες στήλες, Βοιωτία
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