183-194

On the recognition of Councils as Ecumenical (other thant the established ones) by Byzantine scholars : proposals, interpretation and echoes

• Θεοδωρόπουλος, Ιωάννης Λ.

Beside the first seven Ecumenical Councils, which are unanimously accepted as such, most Byzantine scholars recognized as 8th Ecumenical Council the one called by Patriarch Photius in Constantinople in 879/880, which condemned the addition of the filioque in the Nicene Creed by the Roman Church. After the Council of Ferrara and Florence (1431-1445), the Byzantine scholars who were opposed to the Union of the Churches turned once again against the Latins and tended to recongnized as ecumenical various Councils that were called to condemn western theological views, e.g. the Council of Constantinople in 1484, which was dubbed by some 9 th Ecumenical Council. In addition, two other Councils (Constantinople 1285 and 1341) have been on various occasions recognized as ecumenical, especially the latter, which affirmed hysechastic theology according to Gregory Palamas. The discussion about this subject continued after the fall of Constantinople and the establishment of Ottoman rule in the former Byzantine Empire, always with a view to affirming Orthodoxy vs. the Latin West. Nevertheless, this matter remains unsettled, and only the forthcoming Panorthodox Synod might possibly resolve it once and for all.

• Philosophy, Ethics and Religion
• History and Archaeology

• Πολιτισμός, Βυζαντινός
• Θεολογία

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