Το πολίτευμα των Κρητών στην ελληνιστική Αίγυπτο
Part of : Επετηρίς του Κέντρου Ερεύνης της Ιστορίας του Ελληνικού Δικαίου ; No.40, 2007, pages 55-83
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55-83
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The Cretan politeuma in Hellenistic Egypt
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The object of the present study is the politeuma of the Cretans during Ptolemaic Egypt as reported in the papyric testimony P. Tebt. 32=Mitteis - Wilcken 1912,1 (2), no. 448 (145 B.C.;). Aspects that are specifically examined are the historic background and the conditions that shaped the Cretan politeuma, its particular character, members, organizational and institutional frame and, finally, the purposes it served.A researchive approach of the problem is attempted through the revaluation and critical review of relative sources in view of the recent conclusions of contemporary research to the politeumata in Ptolemaic Egypt. In the frame of our study, that has the Cretan politeuma as starting point, we consolidate the dominant view that the politeumata were pseudo-political unions of soldiers -mercenaries of common national origin and were characterised by a particular, if only rudimental administrative structure and were relatively autonomous within the narrow limits permitted by the Royal legislation.The introduction of politeumata aimed mainly in shaping the suitable institutional frame for the integration of soldiers-settler in their new homelands and adaptation to the new conditions of life. At the same time, these unions aimed at forging a unity and solidarity against the foreign, “the other” and in consequence, contributed to maintaining and up to a point highlighting, the bisector lines between ethnic minorities or between foreign soldiers and natives.
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