405-449

On the legal status of the proprietary title-deeds upon former Ottoman mülk lands (freehold lands) in the island of Thassos

• Νάκος, Γεώργιος Π.

Outline*. 1. General notions. 2. Relevant jurisprudence’s response regarding the validity of the Ottoman Estates Act on the miilk (freehold) land property, issued the 28th Recep 1291 (1875). 3. Non-application of its provisions in Thassos. 4. Individual exceptions. 5. Justification related to the nonapplication of the provisions of the law of 28th Recep 1291 (1875). 6. Sketch of an interpretive report on its provisions. The exact meaning of the term “common reputation” in the civil judicial procedure. 7. S. Tzortzakaki’s way of interpretation. 8. Procedural weaknesses preventing the full completion of the Act’s particular elements. 9. The Supreme Court jurisprudence denies its application. 10. The dominant element in favor of the non-application is that Thassos was not subjugated “by sword”. 11. The “legalization” of drawing up legal contracts by way of dressing private documents. Indicative legal transactions. 12. Further indicative examples of “various” transmission acts contracted using private documents. 13. Judicial clarification on the validity of private legal contracts. 14. Positive recognition of the private selling contracts by the Ottoman jurisprudence of Thassos. 15. Positive recognition of private contracts as valid proprietary title-deeds by the Ottoman rule, succeeding to the Egyptian rule. 16. After the year 1912. positive recognition by the succeeding Hellenic rule of the validity of private contracts of transfer, under the sole obligation of stamping them. 17. Indications of compulsory stamping the private contracts, found in the Ottoman court decisions. 18. Identification of the contracting by private documents with the old rooted customary practices. 19. Continuation of those customary practices under the Hellenic legal system, after the year 1912. Indicative transactions. 20. Special memorandum on the land ownership of Thassos. 21. The interpretation stressing that the Hellenic State, as successor to former Ottoman rule, has a legitimate claim over Thassos’ private landed property is erroneous. 22. The “bitter experience” of the annexation of Thessaly (1881) as “guideline” for the implementation of the previously existing Ottoman legal institutions, due to the (previous) inability of the Greek State to issue a transitory legal Act aiming to the harmonization of the non-associated legislatures, legal institutions and various conditions of the Ottoman and Hellenic (roman-byzantine) different legal systems. 23. Accordingly, the provisions of the Law No. 147/1914 had the “same” final legal result, inserting to the Greek law, “explicitly” and in full “power”, the previous provisions of the existing Ottoman Land Code of 1858. 24. Further expansion of the legislative recognition of the Ottoman landowning institutions: from the previous “application” of the Ottoman Land Code (Law No. 147) to the full legal “metabolism” (Law No. 1072/1917) of the peculiar land-owning rights (“possession”, tasarrufì over former Ottoman land, to full rights of ownership. 25. The ongoing regulatory application of the Ottoman land law (Ottoman Land Code, Law No. 147, article 51 of the Introductory Law to the actual Hellenic Civil Code) does not allow either from the teleological point of view or in reality the “putting into force” of the Ottoman Estates Act of the 28th Recep 1291 (1875). 26. Essential application of the customary regime of asset transmissions through private contracting documents. 27. The importance of the contracting documents in the life of the people of Thassos. 28. Final critical evaluation of the private contract documents of Thassos as direct sources of the History of Law; it incorporates their specialized primary content in the body of the then applicable Law, as an essential part of the specific "functional” expression of a “live (Thassian) Law”, which, in turn, forms a part of the “living law” of the Hellenic ethnicity during that period of time.

• History and Archaeology
• Law

• Δίκαιο

οθωμανικός νόμος της Receb 1291(1875), αφορά γαίες καθαρής ιδιοκτησίας, αρνητική ισχύς του στη Θάσο, μεταβιβαστικές ιδιοκτησιακές πράξεις με ιδιωτικά έγγραφα, δικαιοπρακτικά έγγραφα στη Θάσο, πρωτογενής ο χαρακτήρας τους, άμεσες πηγές της ιστορίας του δικαίου, εντάσσονται στο πραγματικά εφαρμοζόμενο δίκαιο, Ottoman Act of 28th Receb 1291 (1875), free-hold land property, not applicable in Thassos, proprietary transmissions through private documents, contract documents of Thassos, primary character of these documents, direct sources of the history of law, they are incorporated to the applicable law

Το άρθρο περιέχεται στο τεύχος-αφιέρωμα: Μνήμη Μενελάου Α. Τουρτόγλου