The adobe barrel vaulted structures in Ancient Egypt : A study of two case studies for conservation purposes

Part of : Mediterranean archaeology & archaeometry : international journal ; Vol.16, No.1, 2016, pages 295-314

Issue:
Pages:
295-314
Author:
Abstract:
This research aims at throwing the light on one of the few survived examples of ancient Egyptian vaulted structures; those are the storerooms of the temples of the Ramesseum and Sety I built in the 13th century BC. In the first case, only some of the adobe vaults and walls are still standing; whereas in the second case all the vaults collapesed and only the walls exist. Due to lack of maintanence and also scientific research on this topic, the survival remains may be lost forever. The research started with tracking the chronological developmenet, the architecture and the constuction of the adobe barral vault in ancient Egypt. The two case studies of the research were visually inspected and the existing damage symptoms and causes were reported and investigated. A structural analysis were carried out to understand the structural behavior and the casues of damage. Finally, a number of interventions were proposed that may help the exsiting ruins to survive
Subject:
Subject (LC):
Keywords:
Adobe, Conservation, Damage, Ramesseum temple, Sety I temple, Storerooms, Vault
Notes:
Περιέχει 32 εικόνες και 2 πίνακες
References (1):
  1. Arnold, D., (1991) Building in Egypt Pharaonic Stone Masonry, Oxford University Press, New York; Barsanti, A., (1907) Catalogue des monuments et inscriptions de ľEgypte antique, ASAE 8; Choisy, A., (1904) LArt de bâtir chez les Égyptiens, Ducher et Cie, Paris; Clarke, S., (1921) El-Kâb. Town Enclosure, JEA VII; Clarke, S., Engelbach, R., (1990) Ancient Egyptian Construction and Architecture, pp. 69-70., (the original edition published 1n 1930 by Oxford university press), re published by Dover publications INC., New York; El-Derby, A.A.O.D., (2005) The Architectural Conservation and Maintenance of Some Ancient Egyptian Temples in Upper Egypt, An Analytical Study of Deterioration Factors & Symptoms and The Strategy for Treatment, With Application on Selected Case Study, , (in Arabic), A thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, submitted to Archaeology Conservation department, Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University, 2005, figs. 224, 281; El-Derby, A.A.O.D., The Reconstruction of Ancient Egyptian Buildings and Site's Remains and Ruins,The Justifications and an Overview of Some Practices (2012) Journal of The General Association of Arab Archaeology, (13)., Cairo; Emery, V.L., (2011) Mud-Brick Architecture, pp. 1-14., Willeke Wendrich (ed.), UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology, Los Angeles; Emery, W.B., (1958) Excavations at Saqqara: Great Tombs of the First Dynasty, vol. III, EES, London; Emery, W.B., (1961) Archaic Egypt, Penguin Books Ltd; Fisher, C.S., (1924) The minor Cemetery at Giza, The Eckley B. Coxe Jr. Foundation, new series, I. Philadephia: University Museum; Galán-Martín, C., Rivera-Gómez, C., Petric, J., Clay-based composite stabilized with natural polymer and fibre (2010) Construction and Building Materials, 24, pp. 1462-1468; Garstang, J., (1901) El Arabah: A Cemetery of the Middle Kingdom, Bernard Quaritch, London; Garstang, J., (1903) The third Egyptian Dynasty, Archibald Constable & Co. Ltd, Westminster; Ghazouli, E.B., (1964) The palace and magazines attached to the temple of Sety I at Abydos and the façade of this temple, , ASAE,58, pl.XVIA; Jéquier, G., (1928) Le Mastabet Faraoun: Douze ans de fouilles à Saqqarah; Kemp, B., Soil (including mud-brick architecture) (2000) Ancient Egyptian Materials and Technology, edited by Nichelson, P. T. & Shaw, I., Cambridge University Press; Mond, R., Myers, O.H., (1934) The Bucheum, London; Petrie, W.M.F., (1896) Six Temples at Thebe, Quaritch, London; Petrie, W.M.F., (1912) Kahun, Ghourab and Hawara, The Labyrinth, Gerzeh and Mazghuneh, (British School of Archaeology in Egypt and Egyptian Research Account, 18th Year), Bernard Quaritch, London; Petrie, W.M.F., Wainwright, G.A., Mackay, E., (1912) The Labyrinth, Gerzeh and Mazghuneh, (British School of Archaeology in Egypt and Egyptian Research Account, 18th Year), Bernard Quaritch, London; Quibell, J.E., (1923) Excavations at Saqqara, 1912-1914; Archaic mastabas, Impr l'Institut Francais d'archeologie orientale; 1st edition; Silveira, D., Varum, H., Costa, A., Martins, T., Pereira, H., Almeida, J., Mechanical properties of adobe bricks in ancient constructions (2012) Construction and Building Materials, 28, pp. 36-44; Silveira, D., Varum, H., Costa, A., Influence of the testing procedures in the mechanical characterization of adobe bricks (2013) Construction and Building Materials, 40, pp. 719-728; Spencer, A.J., (1979) Brick Architecture in Ancient Egypt, Aris and Phillips LTD, Warminster, England; Torrealva, D., (2008) Lecture notes of SA5: Repairing and strengthening techniques, www.msc-sahc.org, SAHC MSc; Torrealva, D., Hardy, M., Cerron, C., Espinoza, Y., Using polymer grid as seismic flexural reinforcement in historically significant adobe buildings (2008) The 10th international conference on the study and conservation of earthen architectural heritage, Mali, February 1-5, 2008; Van Beck, G.W., Arches and Vaults in The Ancient Near East (1987) Scientific American, 257 (1); Varum, H., Tarque, N., Silveira, D., Camata, G., Lobo, B., Blondet, M., Costa, A., Structural behaviour and retrofitting of adobe masonry buildings (2014) In Structural rehabilitation of old buildings, pp. 37-75., Springer Berlin Heidelberg